1. Temperature

Plants need several days with temperature over 5℃ to get into period of vegetation. However tradition suggests that seeding and planting should be performed when temperature of soil reaches at least 8℃. This temperature reflects biological activity of soil thus it reflects life of microorganisms.

Optimal range of temperature is defined as interval between 8℃ and 40℃.

Yet we should remember that after winter we can observe development of mildew in spite of temperature which does not signalize appropriate conditions for this process. That’s the time when useful microorganisms should be used. Their activity will be slightly reduced because of low temperature but they still will be blocking the development of storage fungi.

Usage of ProBio Ems during ground frosts:

Use ProBio Ems before or right after ground frost. First option is optimal. Inoculation with microorganisms is mostly justified when there is organic matter which should be mixed with soil. That is why for example after harvesting corn in December soil is sprayed with microorganisms when soil conditions enable cultivation but temperatures of the soil fluctuate around 0℃ or permanently amount less than 0℃ at nights. This procedure won’t be fully effective because of low temperatures but it will remain justified because spraying of biological remains will lead to proper decay of organic matter during spring’s vegetation and will prevent those remains from rotting.

Storage temperature for the preparations: 10℃ – 20℃.
 

2. Stressful situations

Plant’s damages caused by hail, ground frost, drought, heavy rains, mechanical damages will be regenerated quicker after spraying with microorganisms. Mildews won’t develop, cracks and mechanical damages will be healed.
In case of critical situations of necrosis of significant plant’s parts fast offshoot release from dormant buds or adventitious buds occurs. That’s how plant regenerates.


3. Humidity

Humidity is a very important parameter influencing on effectiveness of ProBio Ems. Because of that fact it is best to perform procedures during cloudy and steamy weather, even during drizzle or when it rains.
In case of green utilities it’s good to perform sprayings even when it’s raining.
Water used for sprayings and dispersion must be non-chlorine. Non-chlorine water should remain first in open container or sprayer for 48 hours to let chlorine evaporate. It’s good to use water from the pond, river or rainwater.
Passing water through filter with ProBio Ceramic is an effective method of enhancing quality of the water.


4. Sun

Don’t perform procedures with ProBio Ems during high insolation. Ultraviolet radiation is deadly for microorganisms. That’s why during late spring and summer procedures shall not be performed on a sunny days but at the evenings or during nights.


5. Mixing with other substances

ProBio Ems mustn’t be mixed with any chemicals! If you use any chemicals you must wait couple of days and then applicate microorganisms.

After use of insecticides you must wait at least 2/3 of grace period to use ProBio Ems™.
After use of fungicides depending on their mode of action use preparations with microorganisms after 5-7 days.
After use of herbicides you must be extremely careful and wait until herbicide finishes its proceedings. Too early use of microorganisms will lead to detoxification and growth of dead parts of a plant. If procedure with microorganisms will be performed in the right time reduntant plants will decompose properly and spraying will accelerate this process.

ProBio Ems™ can be mixed together, with preparations based on microorganic algae, with macro and microelements. Mixing with mineral conditioners should be consulted with Certfied Consultant.


6. Sprayer

Take care of sprayer’s proper preparation before sprayings with ProBio Ems. If sprayer is also used for sprayings with chemicals wash it neatly before application of microorganisms.


7. Irrigating and applicating appliances (outdoor cropping, crops under covers, livestock breeding)

It is good to use clearing and cleansing effects of microorganisms in cropping and livestock breeding. Every appliance dosing nutritions can be cleansed with periodic applications of ProBio Ems.


8. Forms of ProBio Em’s usage

Watering all crops: 1:100-1:200.
Hydroponics: 1:1000-1:2000.
Sprayings: seedlings and young plants: 2%-5% solution. In case of plants with plant hairs use lesser concentration: 0.5%-2%. Full-grown plants: 5%-10% solution.
Biologization (agricultural colonization of walls, ceilings and floors with ProBio Ems™, often defined as hygienization): 10%-20% solution.
Protection of agricultural products in storage: 10%-20% solution.
Dispersion of warehouses, farm installations and greenhouses: 20%-100% solution.
Soaking of cuttings, young trees and sets: 10%-20% solution.
Seed treatment: cereal seeds and other coarse-grained: 100% solution. Fine-grained: 20% solution.
 

9. Biological rhythm

While using compositions of useful microorganisms in outdoor cropping, gardens and pot plants act according to this “key”:

a) Restoring soil’s health – only healthy soil will deliver healthy plant! Use of useful microorganisms in outdoor cropping should be initiated with soil’s inoculation. This proceeding must be performed before seeding and planting by spraying the field with EmFarma Plus and then mixing with soil. Amount of used EmFarma depends on:

- Contents of humus in soil
- Types of post-harvest losses
- Forerunner
- Usage of organic fertilizer
- Type of planned main crops

Basic dose contains 20L-40L of EmFarma Plus™/1 ha. Enlarged doses are applied to degraded soils (containing less tha 1% of humus). For couple of years of initial microorganisms’s use it is recommended to apply enlarged doses into soil. During 3-4th year of ProBio Ems’s use doses should be gradually reduced. At the fields where soil is fertilized with composted manure – fermented with EmFarma Plus™ or with slurry fermented with EmFarma Plus™ doses of EmFarma Plus™ can be reduced and with high soil structure usage isn’t necessary.

b) Supporting plant’s strenght according to phases of higher efforts:

- bud burst – enhances and protects plant which among others “opens its organism” from infections
- blooming
- fruit-growing
- we also support the plant when it’s subjected to ground frosts, heavy rains, hailstorms, drought-heat waves, diseases and pests invasions

Remember about spraying of bottom side of leaves!

Caution: Generations of ProBio Ems such as Ema5,Ema5 with Tansy, ProBio Powder and others are dedicated to special uses. It is best to agree on them with Certified Consultant before the use.